Even though God allowed Babylon to invade Jerusalem, He would not let their evil deeds go unpunished. Daniel was a prophet who was a part of the Babylonian exile and served King Nebuchadnezzar in his court. The king had dreams that his own magicians and mediums could not interpret. Daniel had a reputation of being able to understand dreams and visions, so he was ordered to go before the king to interpret his dreams.
In Daniel 2, he tells the King that other kingdoms will rise, greater than Babylon, and that the strongest kingdom (set up by God and never destroyed) will crush Babylon. Nebuchadnezzar was eventually dethroned for his arrogance and the fact that he exalted himself over God.
King Belshazzar was the successor who also defiled God by using items taken from the temple in Jerusalem for personal use. In Daniel 5, we read that writing appeared on the wall at the king’s palace. Daniel was immediately brought to the king to interpret the writing. Daniel reminded the king of what happened to Nebuchadnezzar in removing him from power. This king acted just as arrogantly and did not glorify God for the abundance given to Babylon.
Babylon’s destruction was again prophesied as the days of their nation would be numbered, the kingdom would be divided, and their ruler killed.
Isaiah prophesied about the fall of Babylon in Isaiah 47. Babylon’s brutality toward Israel would be met with their own destruction by Persia and King Cyrus.
The invasion and destruction of Babylon are also prophesied in the book of Jeremiah:
At the sound of Babylon’s conquest the earth will quake; a cry will be heard among the nations – Jeremiah 50:46 CSB
Finally, the prophecies are fulfilled in 539 BC as Persia conquers Babylon.
The Fall of Babylon in the New Testament
Some have compared Babylon in the New Testament to the rise of Rome and their control over the region. This has been disputed. In the New Testament, Babylon is a symbol of evil and an enemy of God, found throughout the world.
In the book of Revelation, John writes of his visions and prophecy regarding the fall of Babylon and the end times. Revelation 18 depicts the sins of Babylon and evil in our world. An angel comes down from heaven and calls out:
It has fallen, Babylon the Great has fallen! She has become a home for demons, a haunt for every unclean spirit, a haunt for every clean and despicable beast – Revelation 18:2CSB
Another voice commands the people to not be a part of her (Babylon’s) sins because they are piled up to heaven and God has remembered her crimes. She believes she will not be touched by grief, but she will be judged by God.
As Babylon is destroyed, those who have shared in her evil and morality will also grieve her destruction. After the fall of Babylon, a great celebration will take place in heaven. Everyone will worship God, rejoicing and thanking Him for His faithfulness. Satan will finally be defeated.
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